印度有个数学家叫喀普利卡。一天，他路过一个铁路道口，一块断成两截的里程指示牌引起了他的注意，上面原来写首的四个数字因为指示牌断开而被分成两个两位数：30和25。对数字特别有兴趣并且敏感的喀普利卡心里一亮：“这个数好奇怪呀！30+25＝55，而55×55＝3025。原数不是又再次重现了吗？”

后来，他经过研究、搜寻，又发现了一大批具备这样特点的数。人们于是把这样的怪数称为“喀普利卡数”，简称“喀氏数”，又称“分和累乘再现数”。

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