鸡兔问题

  • 时间:2020-04-15 15:16:20
  • 分类:数学世界
  • 阅读:160 次

鸡兔问题:已知“鸡兔”的总头数和总腿数。求“鸡”和“兔”各多少只的一类应用题。通常称为“鸡兔问题”又称鸡兔同笼问题。解题关键:解答鸡兔问题一般采用假设法,假设全是一种动物(如全是“鸡”或全是“兔”,然后根据出现的腿数差,可推算出某一种的头数。

解题规律:一、假设全是鸡,则有:

(总腿数-鸡腿数×总头数)÷一只鸡兔腿数的差=兔子只数
兔子只数=(总腿数-2×总头数)÷2

二、如果假设全是兔子,可以有下面的式子:

鸡的只数=(4×总头数-总腿数)÷2
兔的头数=总头数-鸡的只数

例:鸡兔同笼共 50 个头, 170 条腿。问鸡兔各有多少只?

兔子只数:( 170-2 × 50 )÷ 2 =35 (只)
鸡的只数:50-35=15 (只)

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